", "Una nueva compañía aérea comunica Melilla con Málaga tras la marcha de Helitt – Transporte aéreo – Noticias, última hora, vídeos y fotos de Transporte aéreo en lainformacion.com", "A rocky relationship | World news | guardian.co.uk", "The battle over Ceuta, Spain's African Gibraltar", "Melilla y Venezuela, más cerca que nunca", "El presidente de Melilla y el alcalde de Motril hermanan a las dos ciudades y firman un convenio", "Almería se hermana con los Emiratos Árabes y abre nuevas vías de negocio", "Vélez y Melilla, dos ciudades hermanadas", "Melilla y Antequera comienzan los trámites de hermanamiento el próximo septiembre", "La ocupación de Melilla en 1497 y las relaciones entre los Reyes Católicos y el Duque de Medina Sidonia", "Las minas de Guelaya y la Guerra del Rif", "La fundación de Rusaddir y la época púnica", "La formación de gobierno y la práctica coalicional en las ciudades autónomas de Ceuta y Melilla (1979-2007)", Institut de Ciències Polítiques i Socials, "El régimen fiscal de las ciudades autónomas de Ceuta y Melilla: presente y futuro", "Los orígenes de la Campaña del Rif de 1909", International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol in Ceuta and Melilla, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Melilla&oldid=990735118, Mediterranean port cities and towns in Spain, NUTS 2 statistical regions of the European Union, Special territories of the European Union, States and territories established in 1995, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Tarifit-language text, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2020, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Articles with Spanish-language sources (es), Articles containing Spanish-language text, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 26 November 2020, at 06:01. Local rule passed through a succession of Phoenician, Punic, Roman, Umayyad, Cordobese, Idrisid, Almoravid, Almohad, Marinid, and then Wattasid rulers. Ceuta und Melilla gehören nicht zum Zollgebiet der EU. [49] In case of a motion of no confidence the president can only be ousted with a qualified majority voting for an alternative assembly member. [51] Court cases in this matter had involved the PP, the CPM and the PSOE.[51]. The assembly is a 25-member body whose members are elected through universal suffrage every 4 years in closed party lists following the schedule of local elections at the national level. Noticias e información diaria en Ceuta y Melilla. Ceuta y Melilla son ciudades singulares, cada cual con su propia personalidad y con su propia historia. Later Rome absorbed it as part of the Roman province of Mauretania Tingitana. Los periódicos diarios de Ceuta y Melilla. The current Riffian name of Melilla is Mřič or Mlilt, which means the "white one". Coils of razor blades top some of the fences that surround the two autonomous towns, which as territories of Spain form the only direct land borders between Europe and Africa. [57] There are some special manufacturing taxes regarding electricity and transport, as well as complementary charges on tobacco and oil and fuel products.[58]. [14] Following the completion of the conquest of the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada by the Catholic Monarchs in 1492, their Secretary Hernando de Zafra [es] started to compile information about the sorry state of the north-african coast with the prospect of a potential territorial expansion in mind,[15] sending field agents to investigate, and subsequently reporting the Catholic Monarchs that, by early 1494, locals had expelled the authority of the Sultan of Fez and had offered to pledge service. [27], One Spanish officer reflected, "an hour in Melilla, from the point of view of merit, was worth more than thirty years of service to Spain."[28]. [33] Melilla began to suffer from this, to which the instability brought by revolts against Muley Abdel Aziz in the hinterland also added,[34] although after 1905 Sultan pretender El Rogui (Bou Hmara) carried out a defusing policy in the area that favoured Spain. Vox officials have frequently pointed to the immigration situation at Melilla and Ceuta proof of a crisis at Spain's border.[66]. [10], Meanwhile, the etymology of the current city name (dating back to the 9th century, rendered as Melilla in Spanish) is uncertain. El 12 de marzo anunció el cierre de las fronteras terrerestres con Ceuta y Melilla para luchar contra la pandemia del coronavirus. Ceuta and Melilla: why does Spain own two cities in Africa. Severe fighting between the Spaniards and the tribesmen followed, in the Second Melillan campaign that took place in the vicinity of Melilla. In the first quarter of the 20th century, Melilla became a thriving port benefitting from the recently established Protectorate of Spanish Morocco in the nearby Rif region. [71] Both cities also have the same semi-autonomous status as the mainland region in Spain. Spanish operators Air Europa and Iberia operate in Melilla's airport. An active apicultural location in the past, the name has been related to honey; this is tentatively backed up by two ancient coins featuring a bee as well as the inscriptions .mw-parser-output span.smallcaps{font-variant:small-caps}.mw-parser-output span.smallcaps-smaller{font-size:85%}RSADR and RSA. Melilla is a Spanish autonomous city located on the northwest coast of Africa, sharing a border with Morocco. This fear over African migrants is seen by many as the main factor leading to the rise of Vox, Spain's populist party. Januar 2018). Many people travelling between Europe and Morocco use the ferry links to Melilla, both for passengers and for freight. Melilla Airport offers daily flights to Almería, Málaga and Madrid. It has an area of 12.3 km (4.7 sq mi). Ceuta (Aussprache: [ˈθeuta][2], arabisch سبتة, DMG Sabta; tamazight ⵙⴰⴱⵜⴰ) ist eine spanische Stadt an der nordafrikanischen Küste und der Straße von Gibraltar mit etwa 85.144 Einwohnern (Stand 1. In the late 19th century, as Spanish influence expanded in this area, the Crown authorized Melilla as the only centre of trade on the Rif coast between Tetuan and the Algerian frontier. En Melilla también es muy popular el caldero de pescado, que lleva rape, gallineta, rubio y gambas cocidos con majado de ajos, ñoras, perejil, pimientos y tomate.. Pero si tenemos que escoger un plato que probar en Ceuta y Melilla, te sugerimos el pastel de pescador, que se elabora con varios tipos de pescado, entre ellos el rape, la aguja, las gambas y cigalas. Addir meant "powerful". Tome 1, 794 p., tome 2, 308 p., thèse de doctorat d'histoire contemporaine soutenue en 2012 à Paris 1-Sorbonne sous la direction de Pierre Vermeren. In 2002, the dispute turned violent after a small group of Moroccan soldiers set up camp on the Spanish-controlled Parsley Island, 200 metres off the coast of mainland Morocco. Melilla, just like Ceuta and Spain's other remaining territories in Africa, is subject to an irredentist claim by Morocco. “We can act before, at the point of origin, but we cannot let it get to that point,” said Grande-Marlaska this week. British MPs narrowly escaped death in terror bomb plot, Instant Opinion: Maradona was an ‘achingly human superstar’, No-deal Brexit would hit economy harder than Covid, says OBR, Culled ‘zombie minks’ rise from graves in Denmark, How anti-vaxxers could undermine Covid-19 immunity push, Instant Opinion: ‘Want people to get the vaccine? [19][20] No big-scale expansion into the Kingdom of Fez ensued, and, barring the enterprises of the Cardinal Cisneros along the coast in Mers El Kébir and Oran (in the Algerian coast), and the rock of Badis (this one in the territorial scope of the Kingdom of Fez), the imperial impetus of the Hispanic Monarchy was eventually directed elsewhere, to the Italian Wars waged against France, and, particularly since 1519,[21] to the newly discovered continent across the Atlantic. [63] Detection wires, radar, and day/night vision cameras are planned to increase security and prevent illegal immigration. [69] The second-highest ranked club in the city are Casino del Real CF of the fourth-tier Tercera División. During the 15th century, the city subsumed into decadence, just like most of the rest of cities of the Kingdom of Fez located along the Mediterranean coast, eclipsed by those along the Atlantic facade. All rights reserved. A Spanish policeman patrols the border fence. Melilla is one of two permanently inhabited Spanish cities in mainland Africa, the other being nearby Ceuta. Copyright © Dennis Publishing Limited 2020. [70] The Spanish position states that both Ceuta and Melilla are integral parts of Spain, and have been since the 16th century, centuries prior to Morocco's independence from France in 1956, whereas Gibraltar, being a British Overseas Territory, is not and never has been part of the United Kingdom. Insbesondere ist es gemäß dem Zollkodex der Union vom Zollgebiet der EU ausgenom… Is Russia set to snatch Belarus’s independence right under the EU’s nose? In Ceuta alone, 25 migrants have been treated for cuts sustained on the barbed wire so far this year. Ceuta y Melilla, "la frontera económica más dramática del mundo", pide auxilio Es una de las principales conclusiones del informe 'Ceuta y Melilla o cómo convertir una grave crisis en la mejor de las oportunidades', elaborada por Kissy Chandiramani y el economista melillense Jaime Bustillo [65] Attempted border crossings by migrants has decreased at both Melilla and Ceuta since its peak in 2015–2016; arrivals are down twenty-five percent since 2018. In 2019, the proportion of Melillans that identify themselves as Roman Catholic was 65.0%, up from 46.3% in 2012. [8], The original name (currently rendered as Rusadir), was a Phoenician name, coming from the name given to the nearby Cape Three Forks. [46] Unlike regional legislatures (and akin to municipal councils), the assembly does not enjoy right of initiative for primary legislation. Jedoch durch Artikel 2 des Protokolls Nr. Angry Conservatives say tier system is ‘authoritarian’, ‘Clean skin’ former Treasury man named as No. The Spanish retreated to Melilla, leaving most of the protectorate under the control of the Republic of Rif. Ambas ciudades son eclécticas (1), multiculturales y típicamente mediterráneas. Explore the best of the media in one magazine. For centuries, Ceuta and Melilla were vital port cities, offering protection for Spanish ships and acting as trading posts between Europe and Africa. Sus ciudadanos son mayoritariamente cristianos y musulmanes, aunque también cuenta con una minoría judía. Pay them’, Christmas alcohol guide: unique gift sets and presents, Podcasts of the Week: creeps, spooks and uplifting tales. There is a small, autonomous, and commercially important Hindu community present in Melilla, which has fallen over the past decades as its members move to the Spanish mainland and numbers about 100 members today. Melilla is one of two permanently inhabited Spanish cities in mainland Africa, the other being nearby Ceuta. [49], The Council of Government is the traditional collegiate executive body for parliamentary systems. The United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories does not include these Spanish territories and the dispute remains bilaterally debated between Spain and Morocco. The current limits of the Spanish territory around the Melilla fortress were fixed by treaties with Morocco in 1859, 1860, 1861, and 1894. However, Morocco has made numerous claims to the territories since gaining independence. On 6 November 2007, King Juan Carlos I and Queen Sofia visited the city, which caused a demonstration of support. The new architectural style of modernismo was expressed by a new bourgeois class. [41][42], In 2018, Morocco decided to close the customs office near Melilla, in operation since the mid 19th century, without consulting the counterparty.[43]. Melilla is subdivided into eight districts (distritos), which are further subdivided into neighbourhoods (barrios): The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the autonomous community was 1.6 billion euros in 2018, accounting for 0.1% of Spanish economic output. This style, frequently referred to as the Spanish version of Art Nouveau, was extremely popular in the early part of the 20th century in Spain, notably in Catalonia. Las festividades propias de Ceuta y Melilla son el 3 Melilla is located in the northwest of the African continent, in the shores of the Alboran Sea, a marginal sea of the Mediterranean, the latter's westernmost portion. Sin embargo, vamos a contar esa historia de manera paralela, para hacer más visible que la identidad de Melilla y de Ceuta tiene mucho más que ver con los avatares de España que con los de Marruecos. Extracto de la Resolución de 10 de diciembre de 2019, del Servicio Público de Empleo Estatal, por la que se aprueba , por el procedimiento de trámite anticipado, la convocatoria para la concesión, de subvenciones públicas para la ejecución de programas de formación de ámbito territorial exclusivo de Ceuta y de Melilla, dirigidos prioritariamente a las personas ocupadas. Melilla Airport is serviced by Air Nostrum, flying to the Spanish cities of Málaga, Madrid, Barcelona, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Palma de Mallorca, Granada, Badajoz, Sevilla and Almería. The principal industry is fishing. The nearest Moroccan city is Nador, and the ports of Melilla and Nador are both within the same bay; nearby is the Bou Areg Lagoon[44]. [67] The city is linked to Málaga, Almería and Motril by ferry. Moroccans in the city's hinterland are attracted to it: 36,000 Moroccans cross the border daily to work, shop or trade goods. As of 2019, Melilla had a population of 86,487. How is the UK’s foreign aid budget spent? Spanish and Riffian-Berber are the two most widely spoken languages, the former being the official language. [68] The city's football club, UD Melilla, plays in the third tier of Spanish football, the Segunda División B. The Duke of Medina Sidonia, Juan Alfonso Pérez de Guzmán promoted the seizure of the city, to be headed by Pedro de Estopiñán [es], while the Catholic Monarchs, Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon endorsed the initiative, also providing the assistance of their artillery officer Francisco Ramírez de Madrid during the operation. The reception centre, built for 480 migrants, was already overcrowded with 1,300 people. English translation of Volkskrant article: * François Papet-Périn, "La mer d'Alboran ou Le contentieux territorial hispano-marocain sur les deux bornes européennes de Ceuta et Melilla". Fernando Grande-Marlaska, who became Spain’s interior minister earlier this month, has commissioned a report into finding the “least bloody possible” alternative means of preserving border security. Melilla", "Resultados Electorales en Melilla: Elecciones Municipales 2019 en EL PAÍS", "El único diputado de Ciudadanos consigue la presidencia de Melilla tras 19 años de Gobierno del PP", "Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30% to 263% of the EU average in 2018", "Melilla: Where Catalan "Modernisme" Meets North Africa", "Macrobarómetro de octubre 2019, Banco de datos - Document 'Población con derecho a voto en elecciones generales y residente en España, Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla", "BBC News - Hundreds breach Spain enclave border", "African migrants storm into Spanish enclave of Melilla", "Morocco destroys migrant camps near border with Spanish enclave", "Border games: Has Spain found an answer to the populist challenge on migration? A las 6 horas locales del 13 de marzo se echaron las verjas. Migrants trying to reach European shores frequently try to scale the 6ft-high barriers, despite risking serious injury. The climate, in general, is similar to the southern coast of peninsular Spain and the northern coast of Morocco, with relatively small temperature differences between seasons. [23] The Crown's interest in the city decreased during the reign of Charles V.[24] During the 16th century, soldiers stationed in Melilla were badly remunerated, leading to many desertions. Morocco denies these claims and maintains that the Spanish presence on or near its coast is a remnant of the colonial past which should be ended. The urban nucleus was originally a fortress, Melilla la Vieja, built on a peninsular mound about 30 meters (98 ft) in height. [56] Preserving the status of free port, imports are free of tariffs and the only tax concerning them is the IPSI. [50], Melilla is the city in Spain with the highest proportion of postal voting;[51] vote buying (via mail-in ballots) is widely reported to be a common practice in the poor neighborhoods of Melilla. Rusaddir is mentioned by Ptolemy (IV, 1) and Pliny (V, 18) who called it "oppidum et portus" (a fortified town and port). Since the 2014 incident, Spain has installed additional security measures, including increased fencing, camera surveillance systems, and a more salient troop presence. Melilla has a warm Mediterranean climate influenced by its proximity to the sea, rendering much cooler summers and more precipitation than inland areas deeper into Africa. The government bodies stipulated in the Statute of Autonomy are the Assembly of Melilla, the President of Melilla and the Council of Government. It has an area of 12.3 km2 (4.7 sq mi). [47], The president of Melilla (who, often addressed as Mayor-President, also exerts the roles of Mayor, president of the Assembly, president of the Council of Government and representative of the city)[48] is invested by the Assembly. Spain’s new interior minister has announced that dismantling barbed wire fences that separate the two Spanish enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla from Morocco is among his “main priorities”. Because of this, the port and related companies form an important economic driver for the city.[59]. Nieto was in charge of designing the main Synagogue, the Central Mosque and various Catholic Churches. The value of trade increased, with goat skins, eggs and beeswax being the principal exports, and cotton goods, tea, sugar and candles being the chief imports. In 1910, the Spaniards restarted the mines and undertook harbor works at Mar Chica, but hostilities broke out again in 1911. [62], Melilla has been a popular destination for migrants in order to enter the European Union. In a 1866 Hispano-Moroccan arrangement signed in Fes, both parts agreed to allow for the installment of a customs office near the border with Melilla, to be operated by Moroccan officials. It was part of the Province of Málaga until 14 March 1995, when the city's Statute of Autonomy was passed. [39] Thus two mining under the protection of Bou Hmara, started mining lead and iron some 20 kilometers (12.4 miles) from Melilla. The football's governing institution is the Melilla Football Federation. The Week™ is a registered trade mark. They started to construct a railway between the port and the mines. Its members are called "local deputies" but they rather enjoy the status of concejales (municipal councillors). Is Russia set to snatch Belarus’s independence? Three roads connect Melilla and Morocco but require clearance through border checkpoints. Melilla (US: /məˈliːjə/ mə-LEE-yə, UK: /mɛˈ-/ meh-;[2][3] Spanish: [meˈliʎa]; Tarifit: Mlilt;[4] Arabic: مليلة) is a Spanish autonomous city located on the northwest coast of Africa, sharing a border with Morocco. Madrid asserts that both territories are integral parts of Spain and have the same status as the semi-autonomous districts on its mainland, such as the Basque and Catalan regions. The port town of Ceuta and its larger sister city Melilla sit around 250 miles apart on the Mediterranean coast of Africa, and their Spanish past traces back more than 400 years, Slate report. Melilla has been under Spanish rule for longer than cities in northern Spain such as Pamplona or Tudela, and was conquered roughly in the same period as the last Muslim cities of Southern Spain such as Granada, Málaga, Ronda or Almería: Spain claims that the enclaves were established before the creation of the Kingdom of Morocco. Periódicos ceutíes y melillenses de hoy. Melilla was initially jointly administered by the House of Medina Sidonia and the Crown,[22] and a 1498 settlement forced the former to station a 700-men garrison in Melilla and forced the latter to provide the city with a number of maravedíes and wheat fanegas.

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